| 1 |
Author(s):
Department of Political Science, Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna.
Page No :
|
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract
NDA JPSPS welcomes original and well-researched articles in political science, public policy, international relations, conflict and peace studies, security and strategic studies, governance and administration, political economy, gender studies, food security and other related disciplines with the view of enriching the body of knowledge. The manuscript should be concise as the topic, problem articulation, methods, results/findings and conclusion. Generally, the manuscript should not exceed 7000 words, including references (Research Articles). The authors are advised to strictly adhere to the format and style of the journal by carefully reading the notes for contributors before submitting their manuscripts
| 2 |
Author(s):
USMAN IBRAHIM BABAGANA, Adamu Hamma Daura , Fati Alhaji Kokari .
Page No : 1-17
|
THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN POST-INSURGENCY PEACEBUILDING IN BORNO STATE, NIGERIA
Abstract
Over the last decade, the Boko-Haram insurgency has impacted negatively on the social, economic, and political landscape of the people of Northeastern Nigeria, particularly Borno State, which is considered to be the birthplace of the insurgency. Recently, there have been improvements in terms of peace, particularly within the Maiduguri metropolis. Post-conflict reconstructions have begun in different dimensions, and the State is gradually returning to normalcy. However, it has been observed that peacebuilding initiatives in this area have often neglected the roles women play in the sustenance of peacebuilding in Borno State, Nigeria. This study, therefore, assessed and examined the contributions of women towards peace building in Borno State. The study focused on the roles of women in the Borno State Ministry of Women Affairs and Social Development, Baga Market, Gamboru, Polo, and selected Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) Camps in Maiduguri. The study adopted the qualitative approach as data collection method. The primary data was collected using Key Informant Interviews and Focused Group Discussions. Secondary data was also sourced from available literature. The study found that there has been a change in the narrative as market women, women in communities, and selected IDP camps have taken significant steps in post-insurgency peacebuilding in Maiduguri. Through the increased collaborative efforts of the Ministry of Women Affairs and Social Development and NGOs, women have been empowered through workshops and training to participate fully in the post-insurgency peacebuilding of Borno State. Despite the successes recorded, there exist issues of stereotype by some who still see women as just home keepers. This is in line with the theory of social roles adopted in this study as a framework for analysis. The theory looks at how cultural landscape and socially constructed roles affect the full participation and recognition of women in post-conflict peacebuilding reconstruction. The study, therefore, recommends capacity building and further integration of more women in post-insurgency peacebuilding processes at the community levels. There should be a recognition of the informal peacebuilding activities by women in local communities. Lastly, the custodians of culture and religion should be consulted and involved in the process of women's inclusion and recognition in post-insurgency peacebuilding in Borno.
Keywords: Peacebuilding, Post insurgency, women, Boko Haram, IDPs
| 3 |
Author(s):
Alagh TERHILE , Edet, Efefiong Asuquo , Dennis Agiounim UNDIANDEYE , Samuel EDET .
Page No : 18-27
|
A GENDERED ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE SIT-AT-HOME ORDER IN THE SOUTHEASTERN REGION OF NIGERIA
Abstract
This paper examines the socio-economic impact of the Sit-at-Home order initiated by the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB) using a gendered lens. It aims to examine how this has impacted the women resident in the southeastern states. Rooted methodologically in the qualitative method, the paper draws on data from secondary sources to present insights into how women have been affected. Findings reveal that, despite the prevailing male-centred narratives in media coverage and scholarly discourses, women’s economic activities have suffered significant disruptions, especially in the areas of entrepreneurship and market participation. Furthermore, women have faced heightened social burdens arising from increased care responsibilities and disruptions in access to healthcare services, with the vulnerability of women further compounded by heightened risks of sexual violence. The paper recommends that the outcry over the marginalisation of the Southeast by IPOB should be addressed by increasing the government’s (especially federal) presence in the region through formulation and wholesome implementation of special intervention programs in critical areas of health, education, environment, infrastructure, and industry as well as a fair and equitable representation in the governance of Nigeria.
Keywords: IPOB, Sit-at-home, gender, socio-economic consequences, Southeastern Nigeria
| 4 |
Author(s):
Aisha Ajoke Abdussalam, PhD, Fatima Labaran Adam, PhD.
Page No : 28-39
|
Administration of Primary Healthcare Services in Kaduna State: The Role of Kaduna State Primary Healthcare Board
Abstract
Primary health care is an essential component of human development, which focuses on the economic, social and political aspects of human life. For years, primary healthcare services have been characterised by fragmentation, poor service delivery, and inadequacy in staffing. The state primary healthcare boards were established to unify Primary healthcare under one authority and strengthen the national health state. This study seeks to examine the role of the Kaduna State Primary Health Care Board in the administration of primary healthcare services. Data was generated from primary sources of interviews, while secondary data was generated from journal publications, book chapters, and governmental/nongovernmental publications. The study adopted a mixed method, and data gathered through interviews were transcribed and coded into ATLAS. ti qualitative and scientific software and content analysed thematically for results. The study revealed that the State primary healthcare board plays a critical role in the administration of primary healthcare services in Kaduna state. Security challenges significantly affect Primary healthcare service delivery, especially in rural areas. It, therefore, concludes that the State primary healthcare board is an essential machinery in Primary healthcare service delivery and recommends that its role be further solidified to enhance its ability to provide and guarantee the safety of health workers, especially those in rural areas.
Keywords: PHC, PHC Service delivery, SPHCB, Administration.
| 5 |
Author(s):
Pius Olaniyi Oki, Nachana’a Alahira David.
Page No : 40-56
|
THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON ROAD TRANSPORTATION IN KADUNA METROPOLIS, 2019-2023
Abstract
This paper explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on road transportation in Kaduna Metropolis between 2019 and 2023, with a focus on its economic effects on transport operators. The pandemic significantly disrupted the transportation sector, leading to increased costs amid widespread job losses, as 30-35% of transportation workers lost their livelihoods. This economic dislocation contributed to heightened security concerns in the metropolis, as many who were once employed in the sector faced severe deprivation and poverty. Using both primary and secondary data sources, including questionnaires distributed across three local governments within Kaduna metropolis areas and in-depth interviews with stakeholders, this paper provides an analysis of the pandemic's impact. The findings are contextualised within System Theory, which helps to illuminate how the pandemic disrupted the transportation system's functioning. The paper calls for the Kaduna State government to implement measures to alleviate transportation challenges during future pandemics and emergencies. These measures include investing in public transportation infrastructure and providing financial assistance to affected workers. Additionally, the paper advocates for a partnership between the National Union of Road Transport Workers (NURTW) and the Kaduna State government to establish safety protocols that will ensure the sector's resilience in times of crisis. Finally, the adoption of modern technology is emphasised as a crucial strategy for reducing the need for physical contact, thereby safeguarding public health during pandemics.
| 6 |
Author(s):
Zeenat Abdulsalam, Yakubu Haruna Jae, PhD .
Page No : 57-73
|
ASSESSMENT OF WOMEN’S PARTICIPATION IN THE ELECTORAL PROCESS IN KADUNA NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Abstract
This study investigates the factors influencing women's participation in the electoral process in Kaduna North Local Government, Nigeria. Utilising secondary data and the theoretical frameworks of liberal democracy and liberal feminism, the research explores the extent of women's engagement and the obstacles they confront. Findings reveal that women are increasingly active voters, but their representation in elective positions remains limited. Significant barriers, such as sociocultural norms, economic constraints, and limited political opportunities, hinder their progress. To enhance women's participation, the study recommends establishing platforms for leadership training, fostering inclusivity, educating women, creating supportive environments within political parties, implementing gender quotas, and strengthening enforcement mechanisms. By addressing these challenges, Kaduna North Local Government can cultivate a more equitable and inclusive political landscape.
Keywords: Election, Political Participation, Patriarchy, Gender Inequality.
| 7 |
Author(s):
Elizabeth Aishatu BATURE PhD, Usman SOLOMON, Abiye Bennett IRINGE – KOKO.
Page No : 74-85
|
APPRAISING THE CAPACITY OF THE ROLE OF MULTINATIONAL JOINT TASK-FREE OPERATIONS IN COMBATING TERRORISM AND INSURGENCY IN MEMBER COUNTRIES OF THE LAKE CHAD BASIN COMMISSION
Abstract
The African Union Peace and Security Council (APSA) authorised the deployment of a Multinational Joint Task Force and Counterinsurgency Force against insurgents and other allied terrorist groups in the Lake Chad Basin under the political leadership of the Lake Chad Basin Commission. The mandate was to rid the region of insurgency and create a safe and secure environment in the affected areas. This effort resulted in a protracted conflict between the MNJTF and the insurgents that has lingered for over a decade with attendant fatalities and humanitarian consequences. Based on the aforementioned, this paper appraised the counterinsurgency operations of the MNJTF within their subsisting mandate. Dwelling largely on qualitative research technique. The paper discussed using a military offensive to secure the insurgents affected areas and has moved into the second phase, which is the stabilisation of the affected areas. Despite the progress so far, certain fundamental constraints and challenges are hindering the mission’s efforts. The paper recommends increased funding and resources, addressing the root cause of terrorism, collaborative approach as possible ways of curbing the menace. In sum, it appraises the capacity of the multinational joint task free operations in combating terrorism and insurgency in member countries of the Lake Chad Basin Commission.
Keywords: Lake Chad Basin Commission. MNJTF, insurgency, terrorism, counterinsurgency.
| 8 |
Author(s):
Jamaldeen Oluwasegun AKANBI, Olanrewaju Lateef Yusuf, PhD .
Page No : 86-100
|
Public Perception of the #EndBadGovernance Protests and its Influence on National Security in Nigeria
Abstract
The #EndBadGovernance protests significantly influenced public opinion and national security policies in Nigeria. Support for the movement was stronger among younger generations and urban slum residents, largely due to their greater use of social media and frustration with corruption and poor governance. Media coverage, both traditional and social, played a key role in shaping the narrative, with positive portrayals emphasising government accountability and transparency, thus legitimising the protests, while negative coverage stirred fears of instability. The protests' legitimacy was further reinforced by widespread public participation, which fuelled national discussions on governance reform. However, concerns about public safety led to varied government responses, ranging from dialogue to repression, which had a direct impact on public trust in institutions and state legitimacy. In response, national security policies evolved, incorporating increased surveillance, restrictions on public gatherings, and efforts to address underlying socio-economic issues. The study, utilising diverse data sources such as mined tweets and articles, highlighted that the #EndBadGovernance movement has become a powerful tool for Nigerians advocating for improved governance. The protests are also connected to broader reform movements, particularly concerning national security. The findings suggest that addressing socio-economic grievances and fostering transparent communication between the government and the media are essential to restoring public trust and stability.
Keywords: Public Perception, #EndBadGovernance, Protests, National Security Policies
| 9 |
Author(s):
Oluwanifemi Adeyemo , Raimot Oluwatosin Ojewale , Esther Oluwatobi Awolade .
Page No : 101-110
|
ASSESSMENT OF DIGITAL COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT’S IMPACT ON PEACEBUILDING IN NIGERIA
Abstract
Peacebuilding is a multi-stakeholder initiative that requires the collaboration and cooperation of various actors to work efficiently. Over the years, this role has traditionally been occupied by the government, civil society, religion, and traditional media in Nigeria. Digital players have become active in various forms of social issues through social media platforms and have influenced peacebuilding engagements. Extant studies have scarcely assessed the impact of digital community engagement on peacebuilding in Nigeria. This study, therefore, assessed the impact of digital community engagement on peacebuilding in Nigeria. Findings from the study show that digital community engagements have been effective in peacebuilding in Nigeria through their ability to unite the people to fight for a common cause, raise international awareness on the state of human rights abuses in the country, and promote conflict resolution ideals. This study, therefore, investigated the phenomenon of #Endsars, #EndHunger in Nigeria, and #Bringbackourgirls digital engagements and how they both enhance peacebuilding in Nigeria, as well as the challenges they experienced in this endeavour. Secondary literatures were used to assess the phenomenon and challenges of engaging digital communities in peacebuilding in Nigeria. This study, therefore, recommends that policies should be enacted to regulate the use of social media space for both citizens and government departments to prevent abuse that could lead to violent conflicts and promote quality engagements and debates on national developmental issues.
Keywords: Digital Community, Digital Engagement, Peace Building
| 10 |
Author(s):
Onuorah, Onyeka Leo PhD , Ejima, Man-of-God Ebiojo.
Page No : 111-130
|
DEMOCRATIC ELECTIONS AND NATIONAL SECURITY IN NIGERIA: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Abstract
This study explores the complex interplay between democratic elections and national security in Nigeria, examining the challenges and prospects of the 21st century. The study adopts a descriptive design and utilises secondary data from academic journals, books, reports, and media sources to analyse the effect of Nigeria's electoral processes on national stability. The theoretical framework for the study is grounded in John Locke’s social contract theory and Immanuel Kant’s democratic peace theory, which provides insights into the relationship between governance, public trust, and peace. The study identifies key challenges, including electoral fraud, political violence, corruption, ethnic and religious tensions, and infrastructural deficiencies, which undermine electoral integrity and exacerbate security concerns. Despite these challenges, prospects for improvement exist, notably through electoral reforms, technological innovations, strengthened institutions, and enhanced civic engagement. The study concludes that Nigeria’s democratic elections, while fraught with challenges, hold the potential for enhancing national security through strategic reforms and greater civic participation. It calls for the implementation of robust electoral reforms, improved security measures, promotion of civic education, and fostering of national unity as critical steps toward achieving a more secure and credible electoral system.
Keywords: Democratic Elections, National Security, Electoral Reforms, Political Violence, Nigeria.
| 11 |
Author(s):
Amwe Sunday Aku, Aisha Ajoke Abdussalam.
Page No : 131-145
|
ECOWAS AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT: K2M IN PERSPECTIVE
Abstract
The study seeks to assess the utilisation of cross-border initiatives towards effective participation by ECOWAS for enhanced regional development. This was carried out using a mixed method of incorporating primary and secondary data collection. The primary data collection involved questionnaires and in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, while secondary sources such as government reports, academic publications, and media coverage were engaged to supplement and contextualise the findings. The analysis revealed that leveraging cross-border cooperation by ECOWAS for regional development is impacted by the border communities’ infrastructures, informal cross-border trade, grazing rangelands, and cross-border insecurity as important, influential factors. It was also highlighted that the formation of the peace and prosperity taskforce offers an opportunity for cross-border communities to initiate conflict prevention, management, and resolution. Also, a lack of financial and technical assistance, cumbersome approval processes, competing priority needs, and few development partners were revealed. Based on the findings, the study recommends fostering cooperation between state parties through the development of joint planning and action commissions.
Keywords: ECOWAS, Cooperation, Cross-border, Regional Development.
| 12 |
Author(s):
Idowu Johnson Aderemi, Olayiwola Ayoola Richard.
Page No : 146-161
|
PUBLIC POLICY IN NIGERIA: PAIN IN PROCESS, GAIN IN POLITICKING
Abstract
Effective public policy serves as the blueprint for governance, translating society’s ideals into actionable frameworks that guide the management of public resources and the pursuit of the common good. The necessity to provide residents with socioeconomic and infrastructural facilities remains a critical concern for countries worldwide, particularly emerging nations. In Nigeria, the public policy process is characterised by a complex web of institutional weaknesses, corruption, and political interference, leading to substantial challenges in governance and service delivery. Despite these issues, political actors have learned to exploit the system’s inefficiencies to consolidate power and advance personal or party agendas. This creates a paradox in which public interests are frequently subordinated to political objectives, resulting in ineffective policy outcomes and widespread public dissatisfaction. This paper provides a comprehensive examination of the key challenges within Nigeria’s public policy process, including the fragmentation of government agencies, bureaucratic inefficiencies, and the pervasive influence of corruption. It argues that the politicisation of public policy not only undermines the public good but also exacerbates institutional weaknesses. To address these challenges, the paper recommends reforms aimed at strengthening institutions, enhancing transparency, and building capacity. By exploring the complex interplay between politics and policy, it offers insights into the obstacles and opportunities for improving public policy effectiveness in Nigeria
| 13 |
Author(s):
EJIMA, Man-of-God Ebiojo.
Page No : 162-175
|
EARLY WARNING SYSTEM AND AFRICAN EXPERIENCES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Abstract
Early warning system and disaster management have become a point of reference in Africa as the continent is faced with several disaster occurrences. However, the critical role of early warning systems (EWS) in mitigating the impacts of natural and human induced disasters across the continent is examined. The study highlights the growing vulnerability of African nations to disasters, driven by factors such as climate change, population growth, and socio-economic challenges. It underscores why early warning system are essential for disaster risk reduction, providing timely information that allows communities to take preventive actions. Despite advancements in technology and international cooperation, significant challenges remain, including resource limitations, infrastructure gaps, and data deficiencies. This study advocates for strengthening the integration of early warning system into disaster management strategies to enhance resilience and preparedness for affected African countries. It also underscores the need for a people centred approach, ensuring that local communities are actively involved in early warning system implementation and disaster response. This study adopts a qualitative methodology and relies on secondary data. This study concludes by stressing that improving the effectiveness of early warning system and addressing existing challenges like, technical capacity to issue the warning and the public’s capacity to respond effectively and mismatch of responses to disaster management as vital for protecting lives, property, and livelihoods in Africa, thereby contributing to the continent's sustainable development.
Keywords: Early Warning, Disaster, Disaster Management, Early Response
| 14 |
Author(s):
SUNDAY O. OGON, PhD, Benedict Nkanu ETAH .
Page No : 176-184
|
MILITARY ALLIANCES AND THE 21ST CENTURY COUNTER TERRORISM CHALLENGES
Abstract
Upon the increasing capacity of the military for the protection of the sovereignty of states, terrorist activities appear to have gone on unabated, prompting the interrogation of military alliances as a counter-terrorism approach. Thus, terrorism, whether local or international, is a radical or violent form of political participation by terrorist groups, specifically to let their demands or plights get publicity or attract international attention by causing panic, fear, and death in that particular state or locality. However, the increasing carnage done by terrorist groups had warranted military alliances among countries, as exemplified by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) formed in 1949, the Warsaw Pact formed in 1955, and the International Joint Military Task Force formed in 1994 by the Lake Chad Basin Countries of West Africa in an attempt to curb the menace of terrorism against the states. The Relative deprivation theory was used as a framework for analysis. Thus, the paper interrogated the efficacy of military alliances as a counter-terrorism approach in the fight against terrorism, as observed in Africa and most parts of the world in contemporary times. The paper adopted the qualitative research method that relied on documentary evidence relevant to the study as data. Hence, the paper is divided into four sections. The paper recommended, amongst others, that the government should pay more attention to the provision of human security needs of its citizens.
| 15 |
Author(s):
Olamide S. ADELANA.
Page No : 185-204
|
ASSESSING WEAK INSTITUTIONS AND SOCIAL CONFLICTS WITHIN THE NIGERIAN STATE
Abstract
This paper focuses on the institutional problem and social conflicts within the Nigerian state. Nigeria’s institutions have been adjudged as weak and inefficient, with attendant effects on the country’s image, sustainable growth and transformation. The fact that there is a recent and continuous increase in the number of social conflicts in the country makes it a topical issue for discussion in contemporary Nigeria, especially being an entity with multi-ethnic and multi-religious composition. Besides, the negative implications of such conflicts for the socio-economic and political development of the country and its security, as well as the harmonious relationship among its diverse citizenry, make it a relevant issue for discussion. The overall objective of the paper is to ascertain the viability of strong institutions and social conflict mitigation as keys to building and developing the Nigerian state. It, therefore, addresses key questions such as: What is the nature and evolution of the Nigerian state? What roles do institutions play in the development of the Nigerian state? What are the effects of social conflicts on the Nigerian state? How can institutional frameworks be used to mitigate social conflicts within the context of the Nigerian state? The paper relies on secondary data and adopts a qualitative research approach as well as descriptive and content analysis to address the research objectives and questions. It assumes that the foundations and institutions of corporate existence in Nigeria are weak, deficient or declining in capacity and need to be strengthened. Besides, there have been increasing occurrences of social conflicts since independence, especially in the Fourth Republic, with devastating consequences on Nigerians, national security, development and nation-building. Further, the Nigerian state is seemingly failing outrageously and needs to be restructured with sustainable institutional frameworks, which are capable and formidable enough to facilitate harmony in the heterogeneous polity and bring about lasting development in accordance with global best practices.
Key Words: Development, Government, Institution, Nigeria, Social Conflict, State.
| 16 |
Author(s):
Adaobi Sandra Onwuekwe , Halida Agaba.
Page No : 205-212
|
CHINA-NIGERIA CULTURAL RELATIONS: CREATING POSSIBILITIES FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Abstract
The paper examined the cultural tie between the People’s Republic of China and the Federal Republic of Nigeria, with emphasis on the feasibility of hitching the strengths in the relations for national development. China-Nigeria relations date back to the early 60’s following Nigeria's independence. The paper relied on secondary data, which were sourced from textbooks, journal papers, and seminar papers, among others, that are related to the subject matter and adopted complex interdependence theory as a framework of analysis. Findings from this work show that Nigeria's strategic partnership with China in all aspects, including the cultural domain, needs to be scaled up, as it remains key to the country’s development. This is comprised of tinkering with the country’s foreign policy by President Tinubu's administration to drive and boost investors’ confidence, providing levellers for the ease of doing business in Nigeria. Nigeria and China, having celebrated 50 years of diplomatic relations in 2021, must now take their destinies into their own hands. Nigeria stands to gain from this relation tremendously, with this mutually beneficial relationship further enhanced and upgraded to a comprehensive strategic partnership. Nigeria is China’s second-largest trading partner in Africa; it is the largest economy in Africa and the most populous country on the African continent.
